Bhutan has successfully integrated its National Digital Identity (NDI) platform with the Ethereum blockchain — marking a major step forward in the country’s journey toward a secure, decentralised digital future.
The integration was celebrated at a special event graced by His Royal Highness Gyalsey Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, who became Bhutan’s first digital citizen in 2023. The royal presence underscored the country’s commitment to using advanced technology to empower its citizens and build a digitally resilient society.
A Leap Toward a Decentralised Future
The NDI system allows individuals to control and verify their personal data independently, removing the need for a central authority. According to Druk Holding and Investments (DHI), this transition to Ethereum ensures that Bhutan’s digital identity infrastructure operates on one of the world’s most decentralised and secure networks.
“So far, we have been using a blockchain provided by Polygon,” explained Jigme Tenzing, Secretary of the GovTech Agency. “By moving to Ethereum, we are further strengthening the security of our digital identity. Ethereum’s decentralised architecture makes it virtually impervious to disruption. This transition cements both the security and stability of our digital identity.”
Empowering Developers and Innovators
Beyond enhancing security, Bhutan’s embrace of Ethereum is expected to stimulate the nation’s growing tech ecosystem. Ujjwal Deep Dahal, CEO of DHI, highlighted the opportunity to build a community of blockchain innovators within the country.
“The other important aspect is really bringing the Ethereum community to Bhutan,” Dahal said. “NDI is the foundational layer of our digital economy. On this layer, developers can build countless applications — from digital payments to secure government services. With collaboration from the Ethereum Foundation and global developers, we can accelerate innovation here in Bhutan.”
Global Collaboration, Local Empowerment
The Ethereum Foundation has pledged to support Bhutanese developers as they begin building locally relevant blockchain applications. Its president, Aya Miyaguchi, expressed optimism about Bhutan’s growing role in the global Ethereum ecosystem.
“We have identified talented local developers, and from here, it’s up to them,” Miyaguchi said. “They can learn, join projects, and collaborate naturally — that’s how Ethereum works. It’s open to everyone. We hope to see greater local ownership, and we’ll provide guidance and support where needed.”
A Digital Vision for the Future
As Bhutan prepares to fully migrate its NDI platform to Ethereum by early next year, the initiative stands as a model for how emerging economies can harness decentralised technology to enhance governance, privacy, and innovation.
With Ethereum serving as the backbone of its national digital identity, Bhutan is charting a course toward a secure, inclusive, and future-ready digital society — one that blends technological advancement with the country’s enduring values of trust, sovereignty, and community.
