In an unprecedented move, the entire Paro Valley—from Shabha Gewog in the south to Zhiwaling in Tsento Gewog in the north—will undergo a comprehensive transformation under 36 Local Area Plans (LAPs) spanning 36 square kilometers during the 13th Five-Year Plan. This is the most extensive LAP initiative in Bhutan since Thimphu’s development, exceeding even Thimphu Thromde’s 26 sq km boundary. Authorities are considering consolidating the 36 LAPs into 15 for smoother implementation.
A Vision for Planned Growth
Drawing from the Comprehensive National Development Plan, the Paro and Thimphu Regional Strategy, and the Paro Valley Development Plan, this initiative responds to population projections showing growth from 46,316 in 2017 to over 74,000 by 2047. The LAPs aim to bring structured urban planning—broad streets, stormwater drainage, sewage systems, street lighting, and organized plots—while preserving vital agricultural wetlands (Chuzing) for food security.
The first four LAPs—Paro Tshongdue, Bondey, Lamgong, and Shabha—are already in the planning phase. Land pooling, essential for public infrastructure, will average 25%, though it may range between 12% and 30% depending on location and state land availability. While initial concerns arose that rural areas would be urbanized, officials assure that village character will remain intact.
Zoning for Balanced Development
The plan divides Paro into two main zones: Cultural Landscape Zone and Built Environment Zone.
The Cultural Landscape Zone safeguards agricultural areas, religious sites, heritage precincts, open spaces, waterfront buffers, and environmentally sensitive zones.
The Built Environment Zone includes high-density commercial hubs like Paro Tshongdue, medium-density neighborhood nodes in Bondey and Shabha, rural residential areas, heritage villages, industrial sites, and service precincts. Plot size, coverage, and height limits vary, ensuring development aligns with local needs and landscapes.
Economic Opportunities
Beyond urban planning, the LAPs integrate economic strategies to strengthen Paro’s role in Bhutan’s economy. Agro-tourism and homestays are envisioned for Upper Paro and Dopshari Valleys, commercial growth in Paro Town, manufacturing in Bondey and Shabha, and expansion of higher education in southern Paro. Model settlements, like Bondey south of the airport, will blend housing with employment hubs.
Officials stress that without LAPs, unregulated growth could lead to chaos, while structured development will attract investment, improve infrastructure, and enhance quality of life. The international airport’s expansion and the anticipated Gelephu Mindfulness City are expected to boost Paro’s appeal as a residential and business destination.
Addressing Public Concerns
While many residents support the plans, concerns remain over the land pooling percentage, delays in project execution, building height limits, and the availability of post-LAP development funds. Local leaders emphasize the importance of timely completion, clear policies, and provisions for low-income residents.
Water scarcity is another pressing challenge. Three major water projects worth Nu 300 million—the Dragey Pangtsho, Balakha, and Choki Dentsha schemes—are underway to secure supply for multiple gewogs.
The Road Ahead
Once LAP planning concludes—expected within a year—priority will go to blacktopped roads, underground utilities, and drainage systems. Over time, sewage infrastructure and other amenities will follow. Authorities believe the initiative will not only preserve Paro’s natural beauty and cultural heritage but also guide it toward sustainable, inclusive growth.
As the MoIT official put it, the LAPs represent “value creation for Paro”—a long-term investment in a future where tradition and modernity coexist in harmony.
